Yaka circumcision masks from the southwest Democratic Republic of the Congo are humorous and symbolic masks used during male initiation rituals signaling the transition between childhood to manhood. Known as ndeemba, these masks are used to symbolize rebirth and celebrate the entry in the society of adult men. They are carved with a distinctive upturned nose, massive raffia collar and topped by colorful hats or superstructures.These masks appear in groups, often danced to mark the end of the initiatory camp and the return to the village. These masks are held by a handle under the chin in front of the face with the raffia covering the dancers neck. They are often used only once after which they are discarded.